أَمْ يَقُولُونَ ٱفْتَرَىٰهُ ۖ قُلْ فَأْتُوا۟ بِعَشْرِ سُوَرٍ مِّثْلِهِۦ مُفْتَرَيَـٰتٍ وَٱدْعُوا۟ مَنِ ٱسْتَطَعْتُم مِّن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ إِن كُنتُمْ صَـٰدِقِينَ 13
Translations
Or do they say, "He invented it"? Say, "Then bring ten sūrahs like it that have been invented and call upon [for assistance] whomever you can besides Allāh, if you should be truthful."
Transliteration
Am yaqulūna iftarāhu qul fa'tū bi'ashri suwarin mithlihi muftarayātin wad'ū mani istata'tum min dūni Allāhi in kuntum sādiqīn
Tafsir (Explanation)
The ayah presents a powerful challenge to those who claimed the Qur'an was fabricated by the Prophet Muhammad—if they truly believed this, they should produce ten surahs like it, calling upon anyone besides Allah to help them if they were truthful. Classical scholars like Ibn Kathir and Al-Tabari emphasize this as evidence of the Qur'an's miraculous nature (i'jāz), as neither the disbelievers nor all of humanity combined could ever match its eloquence, wisdom, and linguistic perfection. The challenge gradually increased in difficulty: from ten surahs (11:13) to one surah (2:23), ultimately demonstrating the impossibility of replicating the Qur'an.
Revelation Context
This ayah was revealed in Mecca during the early Islamic period when the Meccan pagans were actively opposing the Prophet and spreading false claims about the divine origin of the Qur'an. The surah of Hud addresses various accusations against the Prophet and provides rational arguments refuting the disbelievers' objections.
Related Hadiths
The concept of the Qur'an's inimitability (i'jāz) is discussed throughout Islamic literature. While no specific hadith directly quotes this ayah's challenge, Imam Al-Suyuti's work on i'jāz documents numerous accounts of people converting upon hearing the Qur'an's magnificent recitation, supporting the challenge's implicit premise.
Themes
Key Lesson
This ayah teaches us that the Qur'an's perfection is accessible to reason and observation—believers need not rely solely on faith but can recognize the text's miraculous nature through intellectual examination. For modern readers, it emphasizes that faith in Islam is rational and evidence-based, inviting sincere seekers to study the Qur'an's unparalleled beauty and consistency.
Related Ayahs
وَٱمْرَأَتُهُۥ قَآئِمَةٌ فَضَحِكَتْ فَبَشَّرْنَـٰهَا بِإِسْحَـٰقَ وَمِن وَرَآءِ إِسْحَـٰقَ يَعْقُوبَ
And his wife was standing, and she smiled. Then We gave her good tidings of Isaac and after Isaac, Jacob.
أَفَمَن كَانَ عَلَىٰ بَيِّنَةٍ مِّن رَّبِّهِۦ وَيَتْلُوهُ شَاهِدٌ مِّنْهُ وَمِن قَبْلِهِۦ كِتَـٰبُ مُوسَىٰٓ إِمَامًا وَرَحْمَةً ۚ أُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ يُؤْمِنُونَ بِهِۦ ۚ وَمَن يَكْفُرْ بِهِۦ مِنَ ٱلْأَحْزَابِ فَٱلنَّارُ مَوْعِدُهُۥ ۚ فَلَا تَكُ فِى مِرْيَةٍ مِّنْهُ ۚ إِنَّهُ ٱلْحَقُّ مِن رَّبِّكَ وَلَـٰكِنَّ أَكْثَرَ ٱلنَّاسِ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ
So is one who [stands] upon a clear evidence from his Lord [like the aforementioned]? And a witness from Him follows it, and before it was the Scripture of Moses to lead and as mercy. Those [believers in the former revelations] believe in it [i.e., the Qur’ān]. But whoever disbelieves in it from the [various] factions - the Fire is his promised destination. So be not in doubt about it. Indeed, it is the truth from your Lord, but most of the people do not believe.
وَأَخَذَ ٱلَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا۟ ٱلصَّيْحَةُ فَأَصْبَحُوا۟ فِى دِيَـٰرِهِمْ جَـٰثِمِينَ
And the shriek seized those who had wronged, and they became within their homes [corpses] fallen prone
مِن دُونِهِۦ ۖ فَكِيدُونِى جَمِيعًا ثُمَّ لَا تُنظِرُونِ
Other than Him. So plot against me all together; then do not give me respite.