Word by Word Analysis

An-Nisa (The Women) · Ayah 23

حُرِّمَتْ عَلَيْكُمْ أُمَّهَـٰتُكُمْ وَبَنَاتُكُمْ وَأَخَوَٰتُكُمْ وَعَمَّـٰتُكُمْ وَخَـٰلَـٰتُكُمْ وَبَنَاتُ ٱلْأَخِ وَبَنَاتُ ٱلْأُخْتِ وَأُمَّهَـٰتُكُمُ ٱلَّـٰتِىٓ أَرْضَعْنَكُمْ وَأَخَوَٰتُكُم مِّنَ ٱلرَّضَـٰعَةِ وَأُمَّهَـٰتُ نِسَآئِكُمْ وَرَبَـٰٓئِبُكُمُ ٱلَّـٰتِى فِى حُجُورِكُم مِّن نِّسَآئِكُمُ ٱلَّـٰتِى دَخَلْتُم بِهِنَّ فَإِن لَّمْ تَكُونُوا۟ دَخَلْتُم بِهِنَّ فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ وَحَلَـٰٓئِلُ أَبْنَآئِكُمُ ٱلَّذِينَ مِنْ أَصْلَـٰبِكُمْ وَأَن تَجْمَعُوا۟ بَيْنَ ٱلْأُخْتَيْنِ إِلَّا مَا قَدْ سَلَفَ ۗ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ كَانَ غَفُورًا رَّحِيمًا 23

Prohibited to you [for marriage] are your mothers, your daughters, your sisters, your father's sisters, your mother's sisters, your brother's daughters, your sister's daughters, your [milk] mothers who nursed you, your sisters through nursing, your wives' mothers, and your step-daughters under your guardianship [born] of your wives unto whom you have gone in. But if you have not gone in unto them, there is no sin upon you. And [also prohibited are] the wives of your sons who are from your [own] loins, and that you take [in marriage] two sisters simultaneously, except for what has already occurred. Indeed, Allāh is ever Forgiving and Merciful.

حُرِّمَتْḥurrimatForbidden
عَلَيْكُمْʿalaykumto you
noun
أُمَّهَـٰتُكُمْummahātukum(are) your mothers
وَبَنَاتُكُمْwabanātukumand your daughters
وَأَخَوَٰتُكُمْwa-akhawātukumand your sisters
وَعَمَّـٰتُكُمْwaʿammātukumand your father's sisters
وَخَـٰلَـٰتُكُمْwakhālātukumand your mother's sisters
وَبَنَاتُwabanātuand daughters
ٱلْأَخِl-akhi(of) brothers
وَبَنَاتُwabanātuand daughters
ٱلْأُخْتِl-ukh'ti(of) sisters
وَأُمَّهَـٰتُكُمُwa-ummahātukumuand (the) mothers
ٱلَّـٰتِىٓallātīwho
noun
أَرْضَعْنَكُمْarḍaʿnakumnursed you
وَأَخَوَٰتُكُمwa-akhawātukumand your sisters
مِّنَminafrom
ٱلرَّضَـٰعَةِl-raḍāʿatithe nursing
وَأُمَّهَـٰتُwa-ummahātuand mothers
نِسَآئِكُمْnisāikum(of) your wives
وَرَبَـٰٓئِبُكُمُwarabāibukumuand your step daughters
ٱلَّـٰتِىallātīwho
noun
فِى(are) in
حُجُورِكُمḥujūrikumyour guardianship
مِّنminof
نِّسَآئِكُمُnisāikumuyour women
ٱلَّـٰتِىallātīwhom
noun
دَخَلْتُمdakhaltumyou had relations
بِهِنَّbihinnawith them
noun
فَإِنfa-inbut if
لَّمْlamnot
تَكُونُوا۟takūnūyou had
دَخَلْتُمdakhaltumrelations
بِهِنَّbihinnawith them
noun
فَلَاfalāthen (there is) no
جُنَاحَjunāḥasin
عَلَيْكُمْʿalaykumon you
noun
وَحَلَـٰٓئِلُwaḥalāiluAnd wives
أَبْنَآئِكُمُabnāikumu(of) your sons
ٱلَّذِينَalladhīnathose who
noun
مِنْmin(are) from
أَصْلَـٰبِكُمْaṣlābikumyour loins
وَأَنwa-anand that
تَجْمَعُوا۟tajmaʿūyou gather together
بَيْنَbayna[between]
ٱلْأُخْتَيْنِl-ukh'taynitwo sisters
إِلَّاillāexcept
مَاwhat
noun
قَدْqadhas
سَلَفَ ۗsalafapassed before
إِنَّinnaIndeed
ٱللَّهَl-lahaAllah
كَانَkānais
غَفُورًۭاghafūranOft-Forgiving
رَّحِيمًۭاraḥīmanMost-Merciful
رحمr-h-madjective
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