ثُمَّ ءَاتَيْنَا مُوسَى ٱلْكِتَـٰبَ تَمَامًا عَلَى ٱلَّذِىٓ أَحْسَنَ وَتَفْصِيلًا لِّكُلِّ شَىْءٍ وَهُدًى وَرَحْمَةً لَّعَلَّهُم بِلِقَآءِ رَبِّهِمْ يُؤْمِنُونَ 154
Translations
Then We gave Moses the Scripture, making complete [Our favor] upon the one who did good [i.e., Moses] and as a detailed explanation of all things and as guidance and mercy that perhaps in the meeting with their Lord they would believe.
Transliteration
Thumma atayna Moosa al-Kitaba tamaman ala alladhi ahsan wa tafseela li-kulli shay'in wa hudan wa rahmatan la'allahum bi-liqa'i Rabbihim yu'minun
Tafsir (Explanation)
This ayah refers to Allah's gift of the Torah (al-Kitab) to Prophet Musa, described as complete and perfect, surpassing previous scriptures, with detailed guidance on all matters of religious and practical importance. According to Ibn Kathir and Al-Tabari, the phrase 'tamaman' (in full perfection) indicates the Torah's comprehensive nature, while 'tafseela li-kulli shay'in' (detailed explanation of all things) emphasizes its completeness in addressing human needs. The ultimate purpose is to guide people toward belief in meeting their Lord on the Day of Judgment.
Revelation Context
This ayah appears in the Meccan surah Al-An'am within a passage affirming Allah's revelation of scripture to His messengers. It contextualizes the Torah within the chain of divine revelations, establishing that the Qur'an continues this tradition of comprehensive guidance previously given through Musa (Moses).
Related Hadiths
The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said: 'I have been given the Qur'an and something like it along with it' (Sunan Abu Dawud 4604), referencing the Sunnah as complementary guidance, similar to how the Torah was a complete guidance for Bani Israel. Additionally, Surah Al-Ma'idah 5:46 describes the Torah as 'guidance and light' (hudan wa nur), reinforcing this ayah's characterization.
Themes
Key Lesson
This ayah teaches that Allah's scriptures are comprehensive guides for humanity's spiritual and practical needs, and that belief in meeting our Creator requires adherence to the detailed guidance provided through the messengers. For Muslims, it affirms that the Qur'an, as the final revelation, contains similar completeness and mercy for those who seek guidance and accountability before Allah.