يَـٰٓأَبَتِ إِنِّىٓ أَخَافُ أَن يَمَسَّكَ عَذَابٌ مِّنَ ٱلرَّحْمَـٰنِ فَتَكُونَ لِلشَّيْطَـٰنِ وَلِيًّا 45
Translations
O my father, indeed I fear that there will touch you a punishment from the Most Merciful so you would be to Satan a companion [in Hellfire]."
Transliteration
Yā abati innī akhāfu an yamassakа 'adhābun min ar-raḥmān fatakūna lish-shaytāni waliyyā
Tafsir (Explanation)
This verse records Prophet Ibrahim's (Abraham's) plea to his father, expressing his fear that Allah's punishment will befall him if he continues in idolatry, which would make him a friend and ally of Shaytan. According to Ibn Kathir and Al-Tabari, Ibrahim's concern demonstrates profound compassion mixed with spiritual wisdom—he recognizes that rejecting divine truth inevitably leads to Shaytan's dominion. The phrase 'waliyyā' (ally/protector) emphasizes that those who turn away from Allah's guidance place themselves under Shaytan's guardianship and influence.
Revelation Context
This ayah is part of the narrative in Surah Maryam depicting Ibrahim's dialogue with his polytheistic father (Āzar), a pivotal moment illustrating the spiritual struggle between monotheism and idolatry. The broader context of this Meccan surah emphasizes patience in preaching tawhīd (divine oneness) and the compassion shown by righteous messengers toward their families, despite their rejection of truth.
Related Hadiths
The hadith in Sahih Bukhari narrated by Abu Hurairah describes the Prophet Muhammad's similar concern for his uncle Abu Talib, showing the Islamic emphasis on advising family members toward guidance. Additionally, the Quranic principle in 26:214 ('Warn thy nearest kindred') reflects the same theme of prioritizing family in the call to Allah.
Themes
Key Lesson
This ayah teaches Muslims to approach their loved ones with wisdom and sincere concern when inviting them toward faith, combining firmness in truth with gentleness in delivery. It also reminds us that accepting falsehood, no matter how culturally normalized, places us under Shaytan's influence and exposes us to Allah's punishment.
Related Ayahs
وَبَرًّۢا بِوَٰلِدَيْهِ وَلَمْ يَكُن جَبَّارًا عَصِيًّا
And dutiful to his parents, and he was not a disobedient tyrant.
لَّقَدْ جِئْتُمْ شَيْـًٔا إِدًّا
You have done an atrocious thing.
قَالَ كَذَٰلِكِ قَالَ رَبُّكِ هُوَ عَلَىَّ هَيِّنٌ ۖ وَلِنَجْعَلَهُۥٓ ءَايَةً لِّلنَّاسِ وَرَحْمَةً مِّنَّا ۚ وَكَانَ أَمْرًا مَّقْضِيًّا
He said, "Thus [it will be]; your Lord says, 'It is easy for Me, and We will make him a sign to the people and a mercy from Us. And it is a matter [already] decreed.'"
قُلْ مَن كَانَ فِى ٱلضَّلَـٰلَةِ فَلْيَمْدُدْ لَهُ ٱلرَّحْمَـٰنُ مَدًّا ۚ حَتَّىٰٓ إِذَا رَأَوْا۟ مَا يُوعَدُونَ إِمَّا ٱلْعَذَابَ وَإِمَّا ٱلسَّاعَةَ فَسَيَعْلَمُونَ مَنْ هُوَ شَرٌّ مَّكَانًا وَأَضْعَفُ جُندًا
Say, "Whoever is in error - let the Most Merciful extend for him an extension [in wealth and time] until, when they see that which they were promised - either punishment [in this world] or the Hour [of resurrection] - they will come to know who is worst in position and weaker in soldiers."