Word by Word Analysis

An-Nisa (The Women) · Ayah 43

يَـٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ لَا تَقْرَبُوا۟ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ وَأَنتُمْ سُكَـٰرَىٰ حَتَّىٰ تَعْلَمُوا۟ مَا تَقُولُونَ وَلَا جُنُبًا إِلَّا عَابِرِى سَبِيلٍ حَتَّىٰ تَغْتَسِلُوا۟ ۚ وَإِن كُنتُم مَّرْضَىٰٓ أَوْ عَلَىٰ سَفَرٍ أَوْ جَآءَ أَحَدٌ مِّنكُم مِّنَ ٱلْغَآئِطِ أَوْ لَـٰمَسْتُمُ ٱلنِّسَآءَ فَلَمْ تَجِدُوا۟ مَآءً فَتَيَمَّمُوا۟ صَعِيدًا طَيِّبًا فَٱمْسَحُوا۟ بِوُجُوهِكُمْ وَأَيْدِيكُمْ ۗ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ كَانَ عَفُوًّا غَفُورًا 43

O you who have believed, do not approach prayer while you are intoxicated until you know what you are saying or in a state of janābah, except those passing through [a place of prayer], until you have washed [your whole body]. And if you are ill or on a journey or one of you comes from the place of relieving himself or you have contacted women [i.e., had sexual intercourse] and find no water, then seek clean earth and wipe over your faces and your hands [with it]. Indeed, Allāh is ever Pardoning and Forgiving.

يَـٰٓأَيُّهَاyāayyuhāO you
ٱلَّذِينَalladhīnawho
noun
ءَامَنُوا۟āmanūbelieve[d]
لَا(Do) not
تَقْرَبُوا۟taqrabūgo near
ٱلصَّلَوٰةَl-ṣalatathe prayer
وَأَنتُمْwa-antumwhile you
noun
سُكَـٰرَىٰsukārā(are) intoxicated
حَتَّىٰḥattāuntil
تَعْلَمُوا۟taʿlamūyou know
مَاwhat
noun
تَقُولُونَtaqūlūnayou are saying
وَلَاwalāand not
جُنُبًاjunuban(when you are) impure
إِلَّاillāexcept
عَابِرِىʿābirī(when) passing
سَبِيلٍsabīlin(through) a way
حَتَّىٰḥattāuntil
تَغْتَسِلُوا۟ ۚtaghtasilūyou have bathed
وَإِنwa-inAnd if
كُنتُمkuntumyou are
مَّرْضَىٰٓmarḍāill
أَوْawor
عَلَىٰʿalāon
سَفَرٍsafarina journey
أَوْawor
جَآءَjāacame
أَحَدٌۭaḥadunone
مِّنكُمminkumof you
noun
مِّنَminafrom
ٱلْغَآئِطِl-ghāiṭithe toilet
أَوْawor
لَـٰمَسْتُمُlāmastumuyou have touched
ٱلنِّسَآءَl-nisāathe women
فَلَمْfalamand not
تَجِدُوا۟tajidūyou find
مَآءًۭmāanwater
فَتَيَمَّمُوا۟fatayammamūthen do tayammum
صَعِيدًۭاṣaʿīdan(with) earth
طَيِّبًۭاṭayyibanclean
طيبt-y-badjective
فَٱمْسَحُوا۟fa-im'saḥūand wipe (with it)
بِوُجُوهِكُمْbiwujūhikumyour faces
وَأَيْدِيكُمْ ۗwa-aydīkumand your hands
إِنَّinnaIndeed
ٱللَّهَl-lahaAllah
كَانَkānais
عَفُوًّاʿafuwwanOft-Pardoning
غَفُورًاghafūranOft-Forgiving
غفرgh-f-radjective
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