ٱلَّذِى يُؤْتِى مَالَهُۥ يَتَزَكَّىٰ 18
Translations
[He] who gives [from] his wealth to purify himself
Transliteration
alladhī yu'tī mālahu yatazakkā
Tafsir (Explanation)
This ayah describes the one who gives his wealth seeking purification of the soul and closeness to Allah. According to Ibn Kathir and Al-Tabari, this refers to those whose charity is motivated by sincere intention (niyyah) to purify themselves from greed, stinginess, and spiritual impurities rather than seeking worldly recognition or praise. Al-Qurtubi emphasizes that 'yatazakkā' (seeking purification) indicates the giver's desire to achieve spiritual elevation and obedience to divine commandments through charitable giving.
Revelation Context
This ayah appears in the latter part of Surah Al-Layl, which was revealed in Mecca and focuses on the dichotomy between those who choose the righteous path and those who reject it. The surah contrasts two types of people, and this ayah describes the characteristics of the righteous servant who gives wealth with sincere intention, fitting the surah's broader theme of spiritual choice and moral accountability.
Related Hadiths
The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: 'The best of charity is when one gives while in need' (related in various collections). Also relevant: 'Actions are judged by intentions' (Sahih Bukhari and Sahih Muslim), emphasizing that sincere intention behind charitable giving is paramount.
Themes
Key Lesson
True charity stems from the intention to purify one's soul and draw closer to Allah, not from desire for recognition or reward in this world. Muslims should examine their intentions when giving, ensuring their charitable acts are rooted in sincere devotion rather than worldly motivations.