مَّلْعُونِينَ ۖ أَيْنَمَا ثُقِفُوٓا۟ أُخِذُوا۟ وَقُتِّلُوا۟ تَقْتِيلًا 61
Translations
Accursed wherever they are found, [being] seized and massacred completely.
Transliteration
Mal'unin. Aynamā thūqifū ukhdhu wa quttilū taqtīlā
Tafsir (Explanation)
This ayah describes the fate of the hypocrites and enemies of Allah, stating that they are cursed and will be seized and killed wherever they are found. Classical scholars like Ibn Kathir and Al-Tabari interpret this as referring to the punishment awaiting those who actively wage war against Islam and the Muslims, emphasizing both their spiritual condemnation (curse) and the worldly consequences they face. The phrase 'taqtīlā' (severe killing) emphasizes the totality and severity of the punishment they deserve.
Revelation Context
This ayah appears in the context of Surah Al-Ahzab, which addresses the events of the Battle of the Trench (Ghazwat al-Khandaq) in 5 AH and the broader challenges posed by hypocrites and enemies of Madinah. The surah discusses the fate of various groups opposing the Prophet Muhammad, including those who openly fought against Muslims and those who betrayed them from within.
Related Hadiths
The principle reflects the hadith in Sahih Bukhari and Sahih Muslim where the Prophet (ﷺ) instructed the capture and execution of those who actively fought against Islam. Related to this is the hadith of 'Abdullah ibn Mas'ud regarding the treatment of apostates and those who wage war against Allah and His Messenger (Quran 5:33).
Themes
Key Lesson
This ayah reminds believers that those who actively oppose Allah and His religion face certain divine punishment, encouraging Muslims to remain steadfast in their faith while serving as a warning against hostility toward Islam. It demonstrates that Allah's justice is comprehensive and inescapable, though such severe punishment applies specifically to those engaged in active warfare against believers.
Related Ayahs
وَإِذَآ أَرَدْنَآ أَن نُّهْلِكَ قَرْيَةً أَمَرْنَا مُتْرَفِيهَا فَفَسَقُوا۟ فِيهَا فَحَقَّ عَلَيْهَا ٱلْقَوْلُ فَدَمَّرْنَـٰهَا تَدْمِيرًا
And when We intend to destroy a city, We command its affluent but they defiantly disobey therein; so the word [i.e., deserved decree] comes into effect upon it, and We destroy it with [complete] destruction.
إِلَّا مَنْ هُوَ صَالِ ٱلْجَحِيمِ
Except he who is to [enter and] burn in the Hellfire.
وَلُوطًا إِذْ قَالَ لِقَوْمِهِۦٓ إِنَّكُمْ لَتَأْتُونَ ٱلْفَـٰحِشَةَ مَا سَبَقَكُم بِهَا مِنْ أَحَدٍ مِّنَ ٱلْعَـٰلَمِينَ
And [mention] Lot, when he said to his people, "Indeed, you commit such immorality as no one has preceded you with from among the worlds.
وَٱلَّذِينَ لَا يَدْعُونَ مَعَ ٱللَّهِ إِلَـٰهًا ءَاخَرَ وَلَا يَقْتُلُونَ ٱلنَّفْسَ ٱلَّتِى حَرَّمَ ٱللَّهُ إِلَّا بِٱلْحَقِّ وَلَا يَزْنُونَ ۚ وَمَن يَفْعَلْ ذَٰلِكَ يَلْقَ أَثَامًا
And those who do not invoke with Allāh another deity or kill the soul which Allāh has forbidden [to be killed], except by right, and do not commit unlawful sexual intercourse. And whoever should do that will meet a penalty.